Pieza aurislepus Mendes, Lamas, Evenhuis & Limeira-de-Oliveira, sp. nov.

(Figs 10–17)

Diagnosis. Mesonotum pale yellow at the antero-mesonotal submedian triangular mark and supra-alar area (Fig. 11). Cercus slightly separated transversely, dorsal region rounded, thickened laterodorsally, ventral region subtriangular with distal end spiniform, directed posteriorly (Fig. 15). Gonostylus lanceolate apically, about 4.0X longer than its maximum width, ¼ with minute distal papilliform structures, three of which extend beyond the gonostylus margin posteriorly (Fig. 14).

Description of holotype male (Fig. 10). Body length: 1.09 mm. Wing length: 0.9 mm. Head. Eyes separated at vertex by approximately 1.5X distance between posterior ocelli. Ocellar triangle dark brown, subshiny. Frons dorsal ⅓ brown, ventral ⅔ yellow, round brown mark on median depression; setae yellow, small, lateral. Face yellow. Proboscis brown to dark brown, about ⅔ length of head. Oral cavity yellow, light brown marginally. Postcranium dark brown, subshiny, surface with sparse pruinescence, setae brown. Second flagellomere shorter than maximum width of first flagellomere. Thorax. Mesonotum subshiny, sparsely pruinose, setae brown, erect and sparse; mesonotum pale yellow on submedian anterior triangular mark and supra-alar area (Fig. 11); notopleural (right side seta lost) and prealar setae dark brown, strong. Scutellum brown to dark brown, setae brown, sparse. Pleura yellow on proepimeron, dorsal margin and posterodorsal ½ of anepisternum, dorsal ¼ of katepisternum, posterior margin of anepimeron and about dorsal ½ of meron (Fig. 12); posterodorsal ⅓ of katepisternum shiny, setae yellow, sparse, restricted to margin of anepisternum. Legs (Fig. 10). Coxae brown dorsally, dark yellow ventrally. Femora dark brown, distal ⅓ dark yellow. Tarsi yellow, tarsomeres II−V dark brown. Wing (Fig. 13). Hyaline, costal vein ending at proximal ¼ distance between veins R 4+5 and M 1; vein R 2+3 arising from Rs at approximately 60° angle, crossvein m–m almost same length as crossvein r-m. Halter with stem light brown, knob yellow and infuscated with brown.

Abdomen. Brown to dark brown, subshiny; tergites II−VII with plaques paler and shinier than surroundings, small, glabrous and dispersed; setae yellow, longer on tergites III−VI; tergites I−II with posterolateral margin yellow; tergites III−VII with pale yellow band, evanescent on posterior margin. Sternites light brown without yellow band on posterior margin. Terminalia. Epandrium bulging in ventral view (Fig. 14); ventral margin about 3.0X longer than dorsal margin, anterior margin slightly sinuous, setose on posterior ⅓ and ventral ⅔ in lateral view (Fig. 15); epandrium with outer and inner margins rounded in posterior view (Fig. 17). Pseudo-surstylus convergent, tapered toward apex in ventral and posterior views (Figs 14, 17). Cercus sub-hemispherical, slightly separated transversely, dorsal region rounded sclerotized, thick laterodorsally, setae concentrated on inner margin, longer on ventral margin; ventral region subtriangular, with distal end spiniform directed posteriorly, glabrous (Fig. 17), cercus width subequal to dorsal length of epandrium, ventral ⅓ slender and projecting posteriorly (Fig. 15). Ejaculatory apodeme about ¾ length of anterior arm of parameral sheath, more heavily sclerotized on longitudinal axis; medial arms subrectangular, about 3.0X wider than long in ventral view (Fig. 14); anterior end rounded, curved dorsally, ventromedial projection subrectangular directed posteriorly, apex truncate in lateral view (Fig. 15). Lateral ejaculatory process strongly sclerotized basally, slightly sinuous in ventral view (Fig. 14); curved ventrally in lateral view (Fig. 15). Phallus funnel-shaped, anterior margin concave with median notch small in ventral view (Fig. 14); basiphallus about 2.0X longer than distiphallus, distiphallus simple with two inconspicuous apical openings (Fig. 14). Anterior arm of parameral sheath with distal ½ almost 2.0X wider than proximal ½ in ventral view (Fig. 14), sclerotization stronger on internal margin. Gonocoxite subtrapezoidal in ventral view (Fig. 14), anterior margin strongly sclerotized, lateral and median margins weakly sclerotized, submedian area appearing membranous; gonocoxite with anterodorsal margin concave, anteroventral margin with short and strong sublateral setae in anteroventral view (Fig. 16); bilobed medially, anterior lobe setose, longer than posterior lobe in lateral view (Fig. 15). Gonostylus lanceolate apically, about 4.0X longer than maximum width, ¼ with minute distal papilliform structures, three of which extend beyond gonostylus margin posteriorly in ventral view (Fig. 14). Female. Unknown.

Variation (n = 6). Body length: 0.8–1.3 mm. Wing length: 0.85–1.04 mm. Proboscis length subequal to ½ head length to ⅓ longer than head length. Mesonotum densely setose, with drop-shaped mark on anterior submedian por- tion of mesonotum. Sternites brown with yellow band on posterior margin.

Etymology. From the Latin auris = ear, and lepus = hare, alluding to the shape of the gonostylus, similar to the ear of a hare. The name is treated as a noun in apposition.

Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂: Brazil, MA[= Maranhão], Carolina, PARNA [=Parque Nacional] Chapada das Mesas, Riacho Sucuruiu, 240 m, 07°07′05.6″S, 47°18′31.6″W / Armadilha de Malaise, 01–10.viii.2013, JAR, FLO & T.T.A. Silva, cols./ MYTH 96 / Holotype ♂ Pieza aurislepus Mendes, Lamas, Evenhuis & Limeira-de- Oliveira (CZMA) . PARATYPES: same data as holotype, except: 11–14.vi.2013, JAR, FLO, J.T. Câmara & A.A. Santos / MYTH 33 (pinned: 1♂ CZMA); idem, 10–20.viii.2013 (1♂ CZMA); idem, 20–31.viii.2013 (1♂ CZMA, 1♂ INPA, 1♂ MNRJ, 1♂ MZUSP); idem / MYTH 16 (pinned: 1♂ INPA); idem / MYTH 18 (pinned: 1♂ INPA); idem / MYTH 19 (pinned: 1♂ INPA); idem / MYTH 23 (pinned: 1♂ CZMA); idem / MYTH 95 (1♂ INPA); idem, 10–20.ix.2013 / MYTH 25 (pinned: 1♂ CZMA); idem / MYTH 29 (pinned: 1♂ MZUSP); idem / MYTH 31 (pinned: 1♂ MZUSP); idem, 20–30.ix.2013 (1♂ CZMA) . idem, Mirador, Parque Est. [= Estadual] Mirador, Posto dos Cágados, 06°48′30″S, 45°06′21″W / Arm. [=armadilha] Malaise, 21–26.viii.2016, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira & L.L. Mendes (pinned: 1♂ CZMA) .

Geographical record. This species is known only from the Brazilian state of Maranhão (Fig. 69), where the type series was collected in the Cerrado biome.

Remarks. Pieza aurislepus sp. nov. is similar to P. yeatesi sp. nov. in having simple gonostyli, not trifurcate in ventral view (Figs 14, 65). Pieza aurislepus sp. nov. differs from P. yeatesi sp. nov. in the sub-hemispherical cerci with distal end spiniform directed posteriorly (Figs 15, 17) (cerci oval without spiniform distal tip directed posteriorly in P. yeatesi sp. nov., Figs 66, 68); gonocoxite subtrapezoidal in ventral view (Fig. 14) (gonocoxite subquadrate in P. yeatesi sp. nov. in ventral view, Fig. 65); apex of gonostylus lanceolate, surpassing posterior margin of epandrium (Fig. 14) (gonostylus triangular at base, slender distally, not surpassing posterior margin of epandrium in P. yeatesi sp. nov., Fig. 65).