Key to Chinese species of Palumbina based on adults and female genitalia

(Excluding P. chelophora, P. diplobathra, P. melanotricha sp. nov. and P. spinevalva sp. nov.)

1. Signum with a elongate process arising from basal plate..................................................... 2

- Signum rounded, bulged inward, with dense minute denticles................................................. 1 1

2. Forewing grey to fuscous or light yellow to brown with dirty-white or yellow markings, corpus bursae without microtrichia.................................................................................................... 3

- Forewing silvery or yellowish white with fuscous markings, corpus bursae with microtrichia posteriorly.............. 10

3. Segment VIII strongly sclerotized, tergum VIII with a large and sclerotized process (the nesoclera -group).............. 4

- Segment VIII moderately sclerotized, tergum VIII without a process............................................ 5

4. Forewing markings indistinct, process of tergum VIII spatulate, sternum VIII triangular (Fig. 116)............ P. nesoclera

- Forewing with a small and rounded distal patch, process of tergum VIII spoon-shaped, emarginate at apex; sternum VIII not triangular (Fig. 117).................................................................... P. acinacea sp. nov.

5. Segment VIII sub-quadrate; tergum VIII nearly as long as sternum VIII, divided into two sclerites (the macrodelta -group). 6

- Segment VIII not sub-quadrate; tergum VIII longer than sternum VIII, not divided into two sclerites, broadly concave anteri- orly................................................................................................ 8

6. Ostium bursae broader than ductus bursae, ductus bursae as long as corpus bursae (Fig. 114)........... P. atricha sp. nov.

- Ostium bursae narrower than ductus bursae, ductus bursae longer than corpus bursae.............................. 7

7. Forewing with an inverted triangular or trapezoidal distal patch, ductus bursae approximately 4 times longer than corpus bur- sae, with colliculum at anterior 1/5 or 1/6 (Figs 112, 113).......................................... P. macrodelta

- Forewing without an inverted triangular or trapezoidal distal patch, ductus bursae 2.5 times longer than corpus bursae, with colliculum at anterior 1/3 (Figs 115, 115a)................................................ P. sigmoides sp. nov.

8. Tergum VIII twice as long as sternum VIII, posterior half with deep median incision (Fig. 111)...... P. grandiunca sp. nov.

- Tergum VIII slightly longer than sternum VIII, without deep median incision posteriorly (the guerinii -group)........... 9

9. Forewing with a lower distal streak reaching dorsum, tergum VIII slightly emarginated posteriorly, corpus bursae ovate; sig- num with basal plate approximately 1/7 or 1/8 length of corpus bursae (Fig. 109).......................... P. oxyprora

- Forewing with a lower distal streak not reaching dorsum, tergum VIII not emarginated posteriorly, corpus bursae sub-elliptical, signum with basal plate nearly 1/3 length of corpus bursae (Fig. 110).......................... P. magnisigna sp. nov.

10. Forewing silvery white, sternum VIII without a pair of bumps on anterior margin, corpus bursae distinctly constricted medially (Figs 119, 119a)....................................................................... P. sineloba sp. nov.

- Forewing yellowish white, sternum VIII with a pair of bumps on anterior margin laterally, corpus bursae not constricted medi- ally (Fig. 121)...................................................................... P. triangularis sp. nov.

11. Papillae anales strongly sclerotized, apex sharply pointed (Figs 124, 124a)........................ P. acuticula sp. nov.

- Papillae anales weakly sclerotized, apex not pointed....................................................... 12

12. Sternum VIII with anterior margin strongly projected in V-shape, antrum not sclerotized........................... 13

- Sternum VIII with anterior margin slightly rounded, antrum well-sclerotized.................................... 14

13. Distal fascia of forewing with medially protruded inner margin reaching median fascia, intersegmental membrane without a transverse linear sclerite, anterior margin of sternum VIII wrinkled, microtrichia indistinct on corpus bursae..... P. pylartis

- Distal fascia of forewing not reaching median fascia, intersegmental membrane with a transverse linear sclerite, anterior mar- gin of sternum VIII not wrinkled, corpus bursae with microtrichia posteriorly...................... P. acerosa sp. nov.

14. Tergum VIII not wrinkled, appendix bursae present................................................. P. operaria

- Tergum VIII distinctly wrinkled, appendix bursae absent........................................ P. rugosa sp. nov.