Palumbina nesoclera (Meyrick, 19 29)

(Figs 4, 13, 22, 31, 39, 57, 76, 97, 116)

Thyrsostoma nesoclera Meyrick, 1929: 499; Gaede, 1937: 301; Clarke, 1969: 487. TL: S. Andamans, India. TD: NHMUK. Palumbina nesoclera: Sattler, 1982: 25 .

Material examined. CHINA: Hainan Province: 1 ♂, Jianfengling (18.73°N, 108.91°E), 940 m, 4.vi.2007, leg. Zhiwei Zhang and Weichun Li, slide no. NKLGE007 ; 2 ♂♂, Tianchi, Jianfengling, 1 1.vi.2010, leg. Bingbing Hu and Jing Zhang, genitalia slide no. LGE16051; 1 ♂, Wuzhishan Nature Reserves (18.88°N, 109.65°E), 742 m, 7.vii.2014, leg. Peixin Cong, Linjie Liu and Sha Hu, genitalia slide no. LGE16047 ; 1 ♀, Diaoluoshan Nature Reserves (18.43°N, 109.52°E), 922 m, 25.v. 201 5, leg. Peixin Cong, Wei Guan and Sha Hu, genitalia slide no. LGE1 7 0 57, DNA voucher no. LGE-G004 ; 2 ♀♀, Yaxing Village (19.02°N, 109.40°E), 321 m, Nankai Town, Baisha County, 21.vi. 201 5, leg. Peixin Cong, Wei Guan and Sha Hu ; 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀, Shuiman Town (18.88°N, 109.67°E), 766 m, Wuzhishan City, 5̄ 7.vii.2015, leg. Qingyun Wang, Suran Li and Mengting Chen, genitalia slide nos. LGE16048, LGE16292, DNA voucher nos. LGE-G003, LGE-G423 ; 4 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Bawangling (19.08°N, 109.10°E), 261 m, 19̄ 21.vii.2015, leg. Qingyun Wang, Suran Li and Mengting Chen, slide no. NKLGE002 ; 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, Hongkan (19.08°N, 109.50°E), 540 m, Yinggeling, 25̄ 27.vii.2015, leg. Qingyun Wang, Suran Li and Mengting Chen, DNA voucher no. LGE-G005.

Re-description. Adult (Figs 13, 22, 31, 76). Wingspan 10.5̄13.0 mm. Head white, sometimes suffused with fuscous. Labial palpus creamy to light ochreous; in male, stout and slightly appressed, segment II with abundant hair pencil reaching apex of III, segment III 1.5 times longer than segment II, fuscous on distal half, blunt at apex; in female, slender, segment II fuscous dorso-distally, segment III fuscous dorsally, as long as II, pointed at apex. Antenna with scape creamy to fuscous, flagellum black, male cilia as long as width. Thorax and tegula fuscous. Forewing ground color fuscous, with violet reflections; markings greyish white: antemedian fascia straight, slender and faint; distal streak at anterior 1/4, lying from 1/2 to distal 1/3, another short streak or a spot at anterior 3/4, below distal streak, sometimes both obsolete. Hindwing dark grey. Legs creamy to light ochreous; fore femur, tibia and tarsus black on outer surface; mid tarsus black on inner surface; hind femur with basal half black, hind tibia with outer surface black at middle and apex, inner surface black, hind tarsus black on inner surface.

Pregenital abdomen (Figs 39, 57). In male, coremata about 1/2 length of abdomen; sternum VIII large, elongate trapezoidal, slightly concave at middle on posterior margin. In female, segment VII strongly sclerotized posteriorly, sternum VII broad and rounded on posterior margin, tergum VII deeply emarginate at middle on posterior margin.

Male genitalia (Fig. 97). Uncus small, sub-quadrate, protruded posterolaterally on ventral side, apex broadly concave at middle. Gnathos hook robust, curved upward, with furrow on dorsal side, blunt at apex. Tegumen about four times longer than uncus, broadly concave on anterior margin. Valva twice width of uncus, bulged on ventral margin medially, bifid distally: ventroapical lobe large, tongue-shaped, rounded at apex, dorsoapical lobe slender, curved inward, pointed at apex. Anellus lobe digitate, reaching distal 1/4 of valva. Vinculum broad, emarginate medially on posterior margin. Saccus slender, 1/2 length of anellus lobe. Juxta simple, with sparse hairs. Aedeagus dilated basally, slender and straight distally, blunt at apex, with interior sclerite reaching apex; base with a slender extension dorsally: its length longer than aedeagus, concave downward, extending across subapex of aedeagus, pointed at apex.

Female genitalia (Fig. 116). Papillae anales simple. Apophyses anteriores 1/2 length of apophyses posteriores. Tergum VIII very short, with a strongly sclerotized spatulate process at middle; sternum VIII triangular, posterior margin slightly emarginate, with a slender process medially: its apex bifid, reaching subapex of sternum VIII. Ostium bursae opening at middle of sternum VIII. Antrum weakly sclerotized. Ductus bursae moderately narrow, with ductus seminalis arising from middle. Corpus bursae ovate, as long as ductus bursae; signum situated at middle, basal plate rhombiform, with a pediform process arising anteriorly.

Diagnosis. Palumbina nesoclera can be distinguished from other species of the genus by the dark fuscous forewing and the reduced markings which are sometimes nearly obsolete. The aedeagus is distinctive as the base has a slender dorsal extension.

Distribution. China (Hainan), India.

Remarks. The segment III of the male labial palpus is flat and has a flap for holding the hair pencil which is observable when the scales are removed. Black markings on the mid tibia are larger than those of other congeneric species. This species is recorded from China for the first time.