Xenopholis scalaris (Wucherer, 1861)

Type locality. Not defined. Type series formed by two specimens (no holotype designated), one from Canavieiras, state of Bahia, Brazil , and another from Mata de São João, Bahia, Brazil .

Distribution. Known from Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru, largely associated to South American major forested biomes (Plt. 407A). In Brazil, widespread in Amazonia and the Atlantic Forest, forming a disjunct distribution (Plt. 407A), mostly at low elevation (Plt. 407B). Observed in the field in primary forest (Martins and Oliveira, 1998).