Phytomyza (Phytomyza) syngenesiae Hardy, 1849

(Fig. 30)

Chromatomyia syngenesiae Hardy, 1849: 391 .

Material examined. SAUDI ARABIA: 1♂, 1♀, Riyadh, ex leaves of Sonchus oleraceus L. mines, 10.1.1979, collector unspecified (NMWC). Turkey: 2♂, 3♂, Izmir Province, ÖdemiŞ, 13.v.1998, weedy pea field, J.C. Deeming (NMWC).

Distribution. Previously recorded from Saudi Arabia by Deeming (2006). This species was described without type-locality being specified. It is a Holarctic species, native to Europe. It was recorded from the Afrotropical Region; Kenya, Saudi Arabia: Palaearctic Region; Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom and former Yugoslavia: Australasian Region; Australia and New Zealand: Oriental Region; India (Tamil Nadu), Sri Lanka: Nearctic Region; Canada, USA (Papp 1984a; Wijesekara 2002; Deeming 2006; Kahanpää 2014; Černý & von Tschirnhaus 2014; Černý et al. 2018; Eiseman & Londale 2018; Murugasridevi et al. 2021).

Host remarks. This is a polyphagous leaf-miner attacking species in the family Asteraceae including Sonchus L. (Benavent-Corai et al. 2005), and other host families e.g., Fabaceae, Laminaceae and Mavaceae. In Europe this species is a pest of the lettuce crop ( Lactuca sativa L.) ( Asteraceae) and chrysanthemums ( Chrysanthemum indicum L.) ( Asteraceae) (Deeming 2006). An account of the taxonomy, biology, distribution, host plants, control, damage caused and parasitoids attacking this species is given in detail by Lonsdale et al. (2023).