Atheta (s. str.) aemula (Erichson, 1839)

(Figs. 31–40)

Homalota aemula Erichson, 1839: 102 .

Homalota polita Melsheimer, 1844: 31, syn. nov.

Atheta (Liogluta) aemula: Bernhauer, 1907: 394 (as valid species).

Atheta (Liogluta) aemula: Bernhauer, 1909: 518 (as valid species).

Atheta aemula: Blatchley, 1910: 354 (as valid species).

Atheta (s. str.) disjuncta Casey, 1910a: 43, syn. nov.

Atheta (s. str.) replicans Casey, 1910a: 44, syn. nov.

Atheta (s. str.) spadix Casey, 1910a: 45, syn. nov.

Atheta (s. str.) bucolica Casey, 1910a: 46, syn. nov.

Atheta (Liogluta) aemula: Fenyes, 1920: 209 (as valid species).

Atheta (Microdota) polita: Fenyes, 1920: 187 (as valid species).

Atheta (s. str.) disjuncta: Fenyes, 1920: 214 (as valid species).

Atheta (s. str.) replicans: Fenyes, 1920: 214 (as valid species).

Atheta (s. str.) spadix: Fenyes, 1920: 214 (as valid species).

Atheta (s. str.) bucolica: Fenyes, 1920: 214 (as valid species).

Atheta (Liogluta) aemula: Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 656 (as valid species).

Atheta (Microdota) polita: Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 635 (as valid species).

Atheta (s. str.) disjuncta: Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 641 (as valid species).

Atheta (s. str.) replicans: Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 649 (as valid species).

Atheta (s. str.) spadix: Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 650 (as valid species).

Atheta (s. str.) bucolica: Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 639 (as valid species).

Atheta (Liogluta) aemula: Moore & Legner, 1975: 354 (as valid species).

Atheta (Microdota) polita: Moore & Legner, 1975: 370 (as valid species).

Atheta (s. str.) disjuncta: Moore & Legner, 1975: 359 (as valid species).

Atheta (s. str.) replicans: Moore & Legner, 1975: 372 (as valid species).

Atheta (s. str.) spadix: Moore & Legner, 1975: 374 (as valid species).

Atheta (s. str.) bucolica: Moore & Legner, 1975: 356 (as valid species).

Liogluta aemula: Seevers, 1978: 263 (as valid species).

Atheta (Microdota) polita: Seevers, 1978: 265 (as valid species).

Xenota disjuncta: Seevers, 1978: 268 (as valid species).

Xenota replicans: Seevers, 1978: 269 (as valid species).

Xenota spadix: Seevers, 1978: 269 (as valid species).

Xenota bucolica: Seevers, 1978: 268 (as valid species).

Type material. Lectotype of Homalota aemula (here designated): ♀, “America sept. Zimmermann Nr. 5401”, “Typus” (red label), “Zool. Mus. Berlin ” (ZMHB) . Paralectotypes: ♀, “5401”, “ aemula Er. Am. Spt. Zimm. [ermann]” (green label), “ Typus ” (red label), “Zool. Mus. Berlin ” ; ♀, “America sept. Zimmermann Nr. 5401”, “ aemula Er. ”, “Typus” (red label), “Zool. Mus. Berlin”, “ Homalota aemula Er. [on red side] / Lectotypus Lohse fix. 1987 [on white side]” [Lohse never published this lectotype designation] (ZMHB) .

Lectotype of Homalota polita (here designated): ♂, “ polita M.[elsheimer] Pa. [Pennsylvania]”, “ polita ”, “MCZ TYPE 34937” (red label) (MCZ) (In MCZ there is another poorly preserved specimen (♀) with a damaged head and abdomen, labeled “U.[nited] S.[tates]”, “Melsh.[eimer]”, “ polita Melsh. ”, a red piece of paper, “MCZ TYPE 34937” (red label). This specimen is not conspecific with the lectotype of H. polita and belongs to Earota dentata (Bernhauer, 1906) . The specimen was not labeled as paralectotype because its locality label is not Pennsylvania, the type locality of H. polita .)

Lectotype of Atheta disjuncta (here designated): ♂, “ Alleghen [y] Pa [Pennsylvania]”, “ Atheta disjuncta Csy. ”, “TYPE USNM 39283” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” (NMNH) . Paralectotypes: 2♂♂, ♀, “ Alleghen [y] Pa [Pennsylvania]”, “ disjuncta PARATYPE USNM 39283” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925”; 6♂♂, 2♀♀, “·N.[orth] C.[arolina, Asheville]”, “ disjuncta PARATYPE USNM 39283” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925”; (NMNH).

Lectotype of Atheta replicans (here designated): ♂, “Ia. [Iowa, Cedar Rapids ( Brendel)]”, “ Atheta replicans Csy. ”, “TYPE USNM 39287” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” (NMNH) . Paralectotypes: 2♂♂, 3♀♀, “Ia. [Iowa, Cedar Rapids ( Brendel)]”, “ replicans PARATYPE USNM 39287” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” (NMNH) .

Lectotype of Atheta spadix (here designated): ♂, “N.[ew] Y.[ork, near New York City]”, “ Atheta spadix Csy. ”, “TYPE USNM 39288” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” (NMNH) . Paralectotype: ♀, “N.[ew] Y.[ork, near New York City]”, “ spadix ­2 PARATYPE USNM 39288” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” (NMNH) .

Holotype of Atheta bucolica: ♀, “·Miss[issippi, Vicksburg]”, “ Atheta bucolica Csy. ”, “TYPE USNM 39289” (red label), “CASEY bequest 1925” (NMNH).

Additional material. UNITED STATES: Iowa: Johnson Co.: ♂, Iowa City (Wickham) (NMNH (Casey Collection)); Kansas: Douglas Co.: 10 specimens, 2.5 km N Lawrence, 38º59.59’N 95º14.59’W, 200 m, flood refuse by the Kansas River (right bank), 18.iv.1999 (V.I.Gusarov) ; 6 specimens, 1.5 km N Lawrence, 38º58.96’N 95º14.62’W, 200 m, in rotting wood chips, 1.v.1999 (V.I.Gusarov) ; 2♂♂, 18 km SSE Lawrence, Breidenthal Preserve, 38º48.50’N 95º11.52’W, 250 m, on mushrooms, 23.v.2000 (V.I.Gusarov) (SPSU) ; New Jersey: Burlington Co.: ♂, Pine Barrens, Whitesbog, sifting, 30.v.1999 (A.Berkov) (SPSU) ; New York: Orange Co.: ♀, 8 km S New Windsor, Black Rock Forest, 9.v.1998 (V.I.Gusarov) (SPSU) ; Texas: Blanco Co.: 8 specimens, 16 km NEE Johnson City, Pedernales Falls State Park, 30º18.87’N 98º14.67’W, 300 m, on mushrooms ( Morchella), 1.iv.2001 (V.I.Gusarov) (SPSU) ; CANADA: Québec: ♂, Chûte­aux­Galets, 18.vii.1994 (Lindgren) (SPSU) ; ♂, Aylmer, 45º24’N 75º51W, 5.vii.1994 (LFC) .

Diagnosis. Atheta aemula differs from other Nearctic species of Atheta s. str. in the following characters: body brown, elytra brownish yellow with darker area around scutellum and in postero­lateral angles, legs and 1–2 basal antennal articles yellow; antennal article 10 slightly transverse, male abdominal tergum 8 as in Figs. 31, 33, aedeagus as in Figs. 36–39, spermatheca as in Fig. 40.

Discussion. The types of H. aemula, H. polita, At. disjuncta, At. replicans, At. spadix and At. bucolica are all similar in external characters and in the shape of the aedeagus and spermatheca. All these names are considered to be synonyms.

Distribution. Atheta aemula is widely distributed in the eastern United States (New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Iowa, Kansas, Texas and Mississippi), and is also known from Canada (Québec).