21. Begonia cucullata Willd. [§ Ephemera], Sp. Pl. 4: 414 (1805).

– Type: Habitat in Brasilia, s. coll., s.n. (type B-W 17567) .

Additional literature. Kiew (2005) [description, line drawing and photographic plate]; Martin et al. (2017) [synonymy].

Distribution. Native to South America (Bolivia, Brazil and North Argentina); naturalised in many areas of Asia, including Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia (Bali, Java, Sulawesi, Sumatra), Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan; Africa (South Africa, Mauritius); and Central and North America (Mexico, USA). In Sulawesi, recorded from the North and Central Provinces.

Habitat. This species is often found naturalised in strongly disturbed vegetation, including forest borders, home gardens, plantations, and other open areas.

Proposed IUCN conservation category. Least Concern (LC). Begonia cucullata is an introduced species from the Neotropics. The species has been naturalised in many regions of Indonesia.

Additional specimens examined. INDONESIA. Sulawesi. Northern arm of Sulawesi. Eastern North Sulawesi: Minahasa, Kongkoan, 4 ii 2019, W.H. Ardi WI404 (BO) .

Central Sulawesi Province: Poso, Napu Valley, 4 viii 2018, W.H. Ardi WI294 (BO) .