Key to species of Nothotalisia (modified from Thomas 2011)

1. Fruit surface wrinkled, roughly cancellate, ripening to orange; petals 2.6–3.3 mm long............... N. cancellata Thomas (2011: 58)

- Fruit surface smooth, ripening to olive or yellowish; petals 1.3–2.7 mm long (unknown for pistillate flowers of N. karsticola)....2

2. Leaflet blades puberulous abaxially, staminate flowers with petals 2.3–2.7 mm long, anthers apically mucronate ...... N. karsticola

- Leaflet blades glabrous abaxially, staminate flowers with petals 1.3–2.4 mm, anthers apically blunt, not mucronate .....................3

3. Leaflets 3–8, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, the largest lateral leaflet 1.9–5.7 cm wide .................................................... N. peruviana

- Leaflets (1–)3(–4), elliptic ovate or obovate, the largest lateral leaflet 3.5–9.0 cm wide.................................................... N. piranii