Copestylum (Phalacromya) frauenfeldi (Schiner, 1868)

Temnocera frauenfeldi Schiner, 1868: 358

Volucella frauenfeldi Kertész, 1910: 317 *

Type locality and data. “ Chile ” (T, A, NMW) .

Material examined. Arica y Parinacota: 1♂, N. Chapiquiña, 3.V.1989, Leg. L.E. Peña (MEUC); Coquimbo: 1♀, Talinay, 28.I.1969, Leg. J. Solervicens (MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Cuesta Los Mantos, Punitaqui, 28.I.1969, Leg. C. Vivar (MNHNCL) ; 3♂, 5♀, Port. Tres Cruces, 30.X.1957, Leg. L. Peña (CNC) ; 1♀, Combarbalá, 2–8.VIII.1960, Leg. L.E. Peña (CNC) ; 2♀, El Calabozo, Hacienda Illapel, 23.XI.1959, Leg. L. Peña (CNC) ; Valparaíso: 1♀, San Felipe, 14.XI.1988, Leg. C. Vivar (MNHNCL) ; 1♂, Hijuelas, 14.I.1939, Leg. C. Vivar (MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Pachacoma, 15.IX.1964, Leg. J. Rendón (MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Río Blanco, 29–31.III.1954, Leg. L.E. Peña (CNC) ; Metropolitana: 1♀, Cerro la Dormida, 16.I.1969, Leg. N. Hichins (MNHNCL) ; 1♂, Aculeo, 3.XI.1959, Leg. L. Peña (CNC) ; 2♂, 2♀, El Peumo, XI.1945, Leg. L.E. Peña (CNC) ; 7♂, 6♀, Pudahuel, 12.VI.1953, Leg. L. Peña (CNC) ; 1♀, Peñalolen, 19.XI.1944, Leg. L.E. Peña (INIA) ; 1♂, 1♀, Los Maitenes, 15.X.1954, Leg. L. Peña (CNC) ; O’Higgins: 1♀, La Nieve, 18.XI.1947, Leg. L. Peña (CNC); 1♂, Olivar Bajo, 02.V.1970, Leg. J. Solervicens (MNHNCL) .

References. Schiner, 1868: 358 (desc.); Williston, 1886: 317 (cat.); Reed, 1888: 298 (cat.); Kertész, 1910: 191 (cat.); Shannon & Aubertin, 1933: 170, fig. 35a (head, female) (desc.); Fluke, 1951: 19, fig. 32 (Key & desc.); Etcheverry, 1963: 101 (cat.); Stuardo, 1946: 129 (cat.); Fluke, 1951b: 19, fig. 32 (desc.); Fluke, 1957: 69 (cat.); Thompson et al., 1976: 76 (cat.); Díaz-Forestier et al., 2009: 158 (pollinator study); Restrepo-Órtiz & Carrejo, 2009: 147 (cat.); Montoya, 2016: 510 (cat.).

World distribution Argentina, Colombia and Chile.

Chilean distribution. From Arica y Parinacota to O’Higgins region (Fig. 145).

Altitudinal range. From coastal to highland ecosystems (20– 3,300 m.a.s.l.).

Biology and notes. Copestylum frauenfeldi is associated with the native tree Quillaja saponaria Molina, in the Mediterranean basin of Central Chile (Díaz-Forestier et al., 2009). It has a wide habitat distribution, ranging from Mediterranean ecosystems to tropical forests (Restrepo-Órtiz & Carrejo 2009, Montoya 2016). Other aspects of its biology and ecology remain unknown in Chile.

Conservation status. LC; EOO = 178,783 km 2, AOO = 72 km 2 and 17 localities (or subpopulations).