Platycheirus (Carposcalis) punctulatum (Wulp, 1888)

Melanostoma punctulatum Wulp, 1888: 375

Melanostoma punctulatum Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891: 310 *

Melanostoma (Carposcalis) punctulatum Fluke, 1945: 14 *

Carposcalis punctulatum Fluke, 1957, fig. 67, 68*

Type locality and data. “ Ecuador ” (T, A, currently lost) .

Material examined. Arica y Parinacota: Putre, 3650 m, 23.II.1948 (Etcheverry 1952); Azapa, 12.III.1948 (Etcheverry 1952); Tarapacá: Mamiña, 2730 m, 17.VII.1951 (Etcheverry 1952); Noasa, 3850 m, 29.VII.1951 (Etcheverry 1952); Metropolitana: 1♂, Cerro San Cristóbal, 27.XI.1987, Leg. R. L. Brown (CNC); 1♀, La Granja, 25.XI.1982, Leg. R. L. Brown (CNC); Maule: Reserva Nacional Los Ruiles (Espinoza et al. 2012); La Araucanía: 1♀, Temuco, 7.VIII.1986, Leg. R. Rebolledo (UFRO); Los Lagos: 1♀, Biological station Senda Darwin, km14 Chiloé, Chile, 12–15.I.2015, Leg. Cecilia Smith-Ramírez (CSD).

References. Wulp, 1888: 375 (desc.); Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891: 310 (cat.); Curran, 1937: 2 (distr.); Fluke, 1945: 14, figs 20 & 58 (desc.); Stuardo, 1946: 124 (cat.); Etcheverry, 1951: 355 (cat.); Etcheverry, 1952: 307 (cat.); Fluke, 1952: 14 (desc.); Fluke, 1958: 275, figs 67–68 (genitalia); Etcheverry, 1963: 56 (cat.); Etcheverry, 1970: 95 (distr.); Thompson et al., 1976: 41 (cat.); Rivera-Hutinel et al., 2010: 19 (ecological study); Espinoza et al., 2012: 506 (ecological study); Marín-Armijos et al., 2017: 176 (cat.).

World distribution. Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru and Chile.

Chilean distribution. From Arica y Parinacota to Los Lagos region (Fig. 164).

Altitudinal range. From coastal to highland ecosystems (1–3,850 m.a.s.l.).

Biology and notes. Platycheirus punctulatum has been reported on rare occasions visiting flowers of Viola portalesia Gay in native habitats (Espinoza et al. 2012) and in opened flowers in pine plantations (Rivera-Hutinel et al. 2010). Because its habitat has been intensively fragmented by croplands, forestry and urbanization (Miranda et al., 2017), we applied the precautory principle.

Conservation status. VU B2ab (iii) using AOO = 36 km 2 and nine localities (or subpopulations); EOO = 296,665 km 2.