Platycheirus (Carposcalis) fenestratus (Macquart, 1842)

Figs 161–163

Syrphus fenestratus Macquart, 1842: 163

Melanostoma fenestratum Williston, 1886: 311 *

Melanostoma (Carposcalis) fenestratum Fluke, 1945: 15 *

Carposcalis fenestratum Fluke, 1957: 10 *

Type locality and data. “ Chile ” (T, ♀, MNHNP) .

Material examined. Tarapacá: 1♂, Chijo, Iquique, 26.V.1986, Leg.S. Cerda (MNHNCL) ; Atacama: 1♀, Paipote, 15–18.X.1969, Leg. L.E. Peña (MEUC) ; Coquimbo: 1♀, La Serena, 1.III.1970, Leg. Cerda (MNHNCL); 1♀, Los Vilos, 1.XII.1995, Leg. M. Cerda (MNHNCL) ; Valparaíso: 1♂, Reñaca, 2.I.1975, Leg. Cerda (MNHNCL) ; 1♂, Rio Blanco, 30.XI.1959, Leg. NN (MNHNCL) ; Quilpué (Porter 1921) ; 1♂, 3♀, La Cruz, 29.VIII.1960, Leg. Hichins (MEUC); La Ligua (Porter 1921); Metropolitana: 2♂, 3♀, Rinconada de Maipú, XI.1963, Leg. NN (MEUC) ; Maule: 1♂, 1km N Curicó, 29.XI.1982, Leg. R.L. Brown (CNC) ; Ñuble: 1♂, 2♀, Recinto, Pinto, 14.X.1969, Leg. G. Barria (MEUC) ; La Araucanía: 1♀, Pichinahuel, 27.VII.1980, Leg. M. Cerda (MNHNCL) ; 1♂, PN Contulmo, 23.I.1996, Leg. M. Cerda (MNHNCL); 1♂, 1♀, Temuco, 22.VIII.1986, Leg. R. Rebolledo (UFRO) ; Los Ríos: 1♂, Mehuín, Valdivia, 26.I.1996, Leg. M. Cerda (MNHNCL) ; 2♀, Valdivia, 27.VII.1985, Leg. R. Rebolledo (PCRR) ; Aysén: 2♀, Puyuhuapi, 12.III.1994, Leg. G. Cerda (MNHNCL) ; Magallanes: 1♂, Laguna Amarga, 28.II.1969, Leg. L. Peña (MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Monte Alto, Punta Arenas, 11.III.1969 Leg. L. Peña (MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Agua fresca, 4.I.1970, Leg. Cerda (MNHNCL) ; 1♂, Punta Delgada, 22.XI.1968, Leg. Cerda (MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Ojo bueno, 10.XI.1974, Leg. G. Cerda (MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Ruhens 16.XII.1976, Leg. Cerda (MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Estancia Guayrabo, 12.XI.1978, Leg. G. Cerda (MNHNCL) .

References. Macquart, 1842: 163 (desc.); Blanchard, 1852: 413 (desc.); Philippi, 1865: 746 (desc.); Williston, 1886: 311 (cat.); Reed, 1888: 299 (cat.); Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891: 309 (cat.); Porter, 1921: 446 (cat., dist. & notes); Shannon, 1927: 23 (desc. & key); Porter, 1933: 182 (checklist); Shannon & Aubertin, 1933: 133 (desc. & key); Fluke, 1945: 15 (desc. notes); Stuardo, 1946: 124 (cat.); Sack, 1941: 93 (cat.); Fluke, 1955: 42 (distr.); Fluke, 1957: 42 (cat.); Fluke, 1958: 273, figs 56 & 64 (genitalia); Etcheverry, 1963: 53 (cat.); Thompson et al., 1976: 40 (cat.); Zúñiga et al., 1986: 480 (predators of aphids); Medan & D’Ambrogio, 1998: 200 (plant biology); Medan & Arce, 1999: 289 (plant biology); González & Coscarón, 2005: 347 (distr.); Smith-Ramírez et al., 2005: 245 (pollinator study); López-García & Maza, 2013: 238 (cat.); Smith-Ramírez et al., 2014: 6 (ecological study, supplementary material); Montoya, 2016: 462 (cat.); Smith-Ramírez et al., 2016: 4 (pollinator study).

World distribution. Colombia, Brazil, Mexico, Peru, and Chile.

Chilean distribution. From Tarapacá to Magallanes region (Fig. 164).

Altitudinal range. From coastal to highland ecosystems (5– 3,750 m.a.s.l.).

Biology and notes. Platycheirus fenestratus is, together with P. chalconotus, common in several habitats along Chile. Platycheirus fenestratus occurs in native shrublands, croplands and forests (Medan & D’ambrogio 1998; Medan & Arce 1999; Contreras 2012; Smith-Ramírez et al. 2005, 2016). Larvae are considered important in the biological control of Sternorrhyncha (Thompson et al., 2010, López-García & Maza 2013). Adults have been recorded visiting flowers of Aristolochia chilensis (Porter, 1921); native blueberry Aristotelia chilensis (Molina) Stuntz (Contreras, 2012); T. quinquenervia (Medan & D’Ambrogio, 1998; Medan & Arce 1999); Embothrium coccineum J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. (Contreras, 2012); E. cordifolia Cav. (Smith-Ramírez et al. 2005, 2016); M. domestica (Vanessa Durán & Rodrigo Barahona-Segovia, pers. obs.) and Ugni molinae Tucrsz (Neira et al. 2003) . Platycheirus fenestratus is also one of the most common species visiting urban trees as well as exotic flowers in private gardens and parks (R. Barahona-Segovia et al. unpublished data).

Conservation status. LC; EOO = 952,271 km 2; AOO = 100 km 2, 23 subpopulations and 24 localities.