Dioprosopa clavata (Fabricius, 1794)

Figs 176–177

Syrphus clavatus Fabricius, 1794: 298

Baccha fusciventris Wiedemann, 1830: 95

Paragus scutellaris Walker, 1837: 342

Baccha varia Walker, 1849: 548

Baccha babista Walker, 1849: 549

Baccha facialis Thomson, 1869: 504

Conops quadrimaculata Ashmead, 1880: 69

Spazigaster bacchoides Bigot, 1883: 326

Mixogaster scutellata Williston, 1887: 322

Pseudodoros clavatus Thompson et al., 1976: 10

Type locality and data. “Americae meridionalis Insulis” (LT, A, UZMC).

Material examined. Arica y Parinacota: 1♂, Azapa grande, III.1966, Leg. M.V. (UTA); 1♂, Azapa km 14, I.1977, Leg. N. Hichins (UTA); 1♀, Azapa, Laboratory , UTA, 21.II.1967, Leg. NN (UTA); 2♀, Lluta, Molino, 2.VII.1986, Leg. G. Díaz P. (UTA); Lluta valley, no date, Leg. M. Etcheverry, 395 m (Etcheverry 1952); 1♂, Azapa 1960, Leg. M. Etcheverry (IEUMCE); 1♀, Azapa valley, 1.V.1986, Leg. S. Cerda (MNHNCL); 1♂, Arica (ciudad), 20.XII.1986, Leg. S. Cerda (MNHNCL); 1♂, Codpa, 30.XI.1985, Leg. M. Cerda (MNHNCL); 2♀ , Belén, no date, Leg. M. Etcheverry (IEUMCE) . Tarapacá: MiñeMiñe, 14.II.1948, Leg. M. Etcheverry (Etcheverry 1947); 1♀, Iquique, 1951, Leg. J. Moreno (IEUMCE); 1♀, Mamiña, 2800 m, no date, Leg. M. Etcheverry (IEUMCE); 1♂, 1♀, Pillalla, Pampa del Tamarugal, 26.VI.1987, Leg. D. Bobadilla (UTA); 1♀, Monte Choque, Pampa del Tamarugal, 27.V.1987, Leg. A. Gallardo (UTA) ; Antofagasta: 1♂, 1♀, Antofagasta, 26–27.XI.1959 Leg. J . Herrera y Moreno (UMCE); 1♂, Bosque de Tamarugos, 18.VI.1969, Leg. L. E. Peña (MEUC); Metropolitana: 3♂, 1♀, Cementerio General de Santiago, 10.IV.2017, Leg: Rodrigo Barahona-Segovia (PCRBS); 1♂, Estación Central, 09.XI.1986, Leg. G. Cerda (MNHNCL); 2♀, Providencia, 05.V.2015, Leg. Rodrigo Barahona-Segovia (PCRBS) .

References. Fabricius, 1794: 298 (desc.); Williston, 1886: 314 (cat.); Hine, 1914: 336 (desc.); Shannon & Aubertin, 1933: 135 (desc. & key); Sack, 1941: 101 (cat.); Fluke, 1956: 240 (cat.); Etcheverry, 1963: 138 (cat.); Boyes et al., 1973: 378 (karyotypes); Thompson et al., 1976: 10 (cat.); Kasseber, 2000: 80, figs 1c & 1f (desc., dist. & key); Marinoni et al., 2007: 148 (illustrated key); Morales & Köhler, 2008: 43 (floral preferences); López-García & Maza, 2013: 238 (records & dist.); Arcaya et al., 2013: 145 (larvae predatory); Miranda & Moran, 2016: 31, figs 63, 78 & 94 (female terminalia); Montoya, 2016: 475 (cat.); Marín-Armijos et al., 2017: 176 (cat.).

World distribution. Argentina, Bahamas, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Less Antillas, Puerto Rico, Venezuela and Chile.

Chilean distribution. From Arica y Parinacota to Metropolitan region (Fig. 180) .

Altitudinal range. From coastal to highland ecosystems (2–3,240 m.a.s.l.).

Biology and notes. Dioprosopa clavata is a species with a wide distribution. It has been found visiting mainly exotic plants such as Myoporum laetum G. Forst, T. officinale, Trifolium sp., and Plumbago auriculata Lam. (R. Barahona-Segovia, pers. obs.). Also, this species have been observed visiting flowers of E. pectinatus, L. marítima, H. helix and Chlorophytum comosum (Thunb.) Jacques (Gabriela Germain, CSP records); C. ovata (Susana Delgado, CSP record); H. echioides (Mari Peña, CSP record) and Cuscuta sp. (Matías Cortés, CSP record). This species is an important biological controller of different insect pests such as aphids (Rojo et al., 2003).

Conservation status. LC; EOO = 113,098 km 2, AOO = 68 km 2, 14 subpopulations and 15 localities.