2. Anadenanthera colubrina (Velloso 1827: 11) Brenan (1955: 182) . (Fig. 4b)

Trees, branches glabrous, aculeate. Nectary petiolar, sessile. Stipules caducous. Leaves bipinnate, paripinnate, 24–26– foliolate, leaflets opposite, oblong, venation actinodromous, translucid punctuation absent. Inflorescences glomerule, axillary. Flowers sessile, actinomorphic, diplostemonous; calyx gamosepalous, sepals 5, corolla gamopetalous, tubular, white, petals 5; androecium dialystaminous, homodinamous, anthers longitudinal; ovary superior, stipitate, pluriovulate. Fruit follicle, stipulate, linear, plane, margin constricted, epicarp glabrous, black. Seeds orbicular, plane, coat black, hilum basal.

Examined material:— BRAZIL. Paraíba: Maturéia, Pico do Jabre, 800 m elev., 04 November 2019, fl., Aureliana Gomes 86935 (UFP) .

Distribution and ecology: —The species occurs in Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru and Brazil (INCT– virtual Herbarium of Flora and Fungi 2020), where it can be found in the Northeast, Central-West, Southeast and South regions in the Caatinga domains, to which shows strongly adapted, and in the fields of Cerrado and Atlantic Rainforest (Flora do Brasil 2020; Queiroz 2009).

Phenology: —Found with flowers in November.

Taxonomic discussion:— Anadenanthera colubrina can be recognized, principally, by the arboreous habit with presence of aculeous in tronck, 24–26 pairs of leaflets inflorescence in axillary glomerule, by follicle-type fruits and orbicular seeds, plane.