Key to species of Garra with a fully developed gular disc in the Euphrates and the Mediterranean Sea basin

1a One pair of barbels........................................................................... G. variabilis

1b Two pairs of barbels................................................................................... 2

2a Eye externally invisible, body pink, without pattern................................................ G. widdowsoni

2a Eye fully developed, body brown, yellowish or grey, usually with mottled pattern................................... 3

3a 7½ branched dorsal-fin rays; a small field of tubercles behind upper posterior eye margin; 31–32+1–2 lateral-line scales; no black blotch on flank at middle of posterior caudal peduncle........................................... G. ghorensis

3b 8½ branched dorsal-fin rays; no tubercles behind upper posterior eye margin; 33–36+1–2 lateral line scales; a black blotch on flank at middle of posterior caudal peduncle at least visible in juveniles........................................... 4

4a Snout blunt; body depth at dorsal-fin origin 18–21% SL................................................ G. turcica

4b Snout slightly pointed; body depth at dorsal-fin origin 20–26% SL............................................... 5

5a 12–17 gill rakers on lower part of first gill arch; 5–6, rarely 4 scales between tip of pectoral fin and pelvic-fin origin; maximum head width 64–72% HL........................................................................ G. jordanica

5b 17–21 gill rakers on lower part of first gill arch; 2–3, rarely 4 scales between tip of pectoral fin and pelvic-fin origin; maximum head width 73–82% HL................................................................................. 6

6a Pelvic-fin origin below second (rarely third) branched dorsal-fin ray; predorsal length 45–49% SL; distance between pectoral and pelvic-fin origins 28–32% SL................................................................. G. orontesi

6b Pelvic-fin origin below third, rarely fourth branched dorsal-fin ray; predorsal length 48–51% SL; distance between pectoral and pelvic-fin origins 31–35% SL....................................................................... G. rufa