Ryphila cancellus (Herbst, 1783) n. comb.

(Figs 21A; 22)

Cancer cancellus Herbst, 1783: 94, pl. 2, fig. 20. Leucosia scabriuscula Fabricius, 1798: 349 . — Lichtenstein 1816: 142. — Latreille 1802: 116. — Bosc 1802: 237; 1830: 288. — Zimsen 1964: 651.

Philyra scabriuscula – Leach 1817: 22. — Desmarest 1825: 167. — H. Milne Edwards 1837: 132, pl. 20, figs 9, 10. — White 1847: 47. — Bell 1855a: 365; 1855b: 299; 1855c: 14. — Herklots 1861: 27. — Heller 1865: 70. — Hilgendorf 1869: 110. — Lenz & Richters 1881: 425. — De Man 1881: 126; 1888: 201. — Müller 1890: 473. — Henderson 1893: 399. — Alcock 1896: 239. — Nobili 1903: 17; 1906: 168. — Lenz 1910: 545. — Laurie 1915: 410. — Gravely 1927: 8, pl. 20, fig. 16; 1941: 79, fig. 26, 5-7. — André 1931: 643. — Chopra & Das 1937: 388. — Stephensen 1945: 88, fig. 15c-e. — Barnard 1947: 374; 1950: 381, fig. 72i. — Tyndale-Biscoe & George 1962: 74, fig. 4.6. — Serène 1968: 46. — Kensley 1981: 39. — Tirmizi & Kazmi 1988: 106, fig. 31. — Davie 2002: 274.

Philyra punctata – Barnard 1926: 120.

Philyra corallicola – Chhapgar 1957: 408, fig. 8n.

Philyria globulosa – Devi et al. 1988: 21, fig. 2.

Philyra cancella – K. Sakai 1999: 17, pl. 7B.

Not Philyra scabriuscula – Targione-Tozzetti 1877: 196, pl. 12.1 (= Philyra pisum De Haan, 1841).

TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype: 1 ♀ cl 9.7 mm (Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Herbst 2197); paralectotype: 1 ♂ cl 10.5 mm (Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Herbst 2197).

MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Saudi Arabia. 10.IV.1970, 1 ♂ cl 13.0 mm (NHM 1974.392).

Gulf of Aden. Obock, 1897, coll. Dr F. P. Jousseaume, id. G. Nobili, 1 juv. cl 8.0 mm (MNHN B.17015). Gulf of Oman. Barkoh, 25.XII.1929, coll. V.H.W. Dowson, 1 ♂ cl 12.0 mm (NHM 1931.5.27.2). — Muscat, X-XI.1896, coll. M. Maindron, 1 ♀ cl 11.8 mm (MNHN B.19137).

Persian Gulf. Ajman, 15.VIII.1972, coll.D. Gallagher, 1 ♂ cl 14.0 mm, 1 ovig. ♀ cl 10.7 mm (NHM 1973.465).

Madagascar. 1909, id. H. Balss, 2 ovig. ♀♀ cl 11.2, 11.6 mm (MNHN B.17011). — Near Nosy-be, 1 ovig. ♀ cl 11.0 mm (MNHN B.18659). — 1931, coll. R. Decary, 35 ♂♂ cl 9.3-13.1 mm, 11 ♀♀ cl 9.3-11.5 mm (MNHN B.18689). — 1930, coll. R. Decary, 1♂ cl 14.3 mm (MNHN B.18328).

Mozambique. Chinde, Zambesi estuary, 1912, id. K. H. Barnard as Philyra scabriuscula, 1 ♂ cl 9.2 mm, 1 ovig. ♀ cl 9.1 mm (SAM A2199).

Pakistan. NW of Karachi, 3.IV.1986, 1 ♂ cl 9.3 mm, 13 ♀♀ cl 8.0- 10.2 mm (USNM 205959). — Karachi, II.1973, coll. G. Pilleri, 2 ♀♀ cl 9.1, 9.7 mm (NHM 1999.3).

India. 1 ♂ cl 10.1 mm (ZMK CRU 4648). — Coll. I. K. Daldorff, holotype of Leucosia scabriuscula Fabricius, 1798, 1 ovig. ♀ cl 10.5 mm (ZMK CRU 4648). — Coll. I. K. Daldorff, paratype of Leucosia scabriuscula Fabricius, 1798, 1 ♂ cl 9.7 mm (ZMK CRU 4650). — Coll. I. K. Daldorff, 2 ♂♂ cl 10.9, 10.2 mm, 1 ovig. ♀ cl 10.4 mm (MNHN B.206); 1 ♂ cl 9.1 mm, 2 ovig. ♀♀ 10.2, 8.8 mm (MNHN B.207). — Madras, 1857-1859, “Novara” Exp., 7 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (NMW 19048); 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (NMW 19049). — Madras, coll. J. R. Henderson, 18 ♂♂ cl 10.4-13.7 mm, 6 ovig. ♀♀ cl 9.9-11.9 mm (NHM 1892.7.15.368-77). — Pamban, coll. J. R. Henderson, 20 ♂♂ cl 9.5-13.6 mm, 20 ovig. ♀♀ cl 8.5-12.9 mm (NHM 1892.7.16.378-87). — Pamban, IV.1889, 3.6 m, coll. K. Fristedt, 1 ♂ cl 11.2 mm (MZUF 2722). — Gopalpur, 16.III.1930, 2 ♂♂ cl 9.8, 10.2 mm, 2 ovig. ♀♀ cl 8.7, 10.1 mm (NHM 1999.4). — Madras, 27.II.1926, purch. Winkworth, 7 ♂♂ cl 10.3-13.2 mm, 2 ovig. ♀♀ cl 9.8, 10.2 mm (NHM 1956.1.14.5-13). — Puri, 15.III.1929, 4 ♂♂ cl 9.0- 11.3 mm, 4 ♀♀ cl 7.9-10.4 mm (NHM 1999.7). — Maharashtra, Ratnagiri Beach, 18.II.1980, coll. P. Noël, 2♂♂ cl 12.6, 11.5 mm, 2 ovig. ♀♀ cl 11.5, 11.0 mm (MNHN B.16981). — S. Chennai, Parangipettai, I-II.2000, colls S. M. Rafi, A. Khan, 1 ♂ cl 12.0 mm (ZRC 2000.2248). — Goa, near Panjim Beach, 16.II.2005, coll. J. Van der Kamp, 22 ♂♂ cl 9.8-13.9 mm, 10 ovig. ♀♀ cl 9.4-12.0 mm (RMNH D.51541).

Sri Lanka. Galle, purch. Dr W. Ondaatje, 4 ovig. ♀♀ cl 9.5-10.6 mm (NHM 1882.19). — Mt. Lavinia, 16.XI.1928, 5♂♂ cl 9.6-12.1 mm, 1 ovig. ♀ cl 10.1 mm (NHM). — Belligam, 1929, 10 ♂♂, 18 ♀♀ (NMW 19059). — 1929, 2 ♂♂ (NMW 19058).

Burma. Rangoon, VI.1865, coll.W.Theobald, ex Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 6457, 1 ♂ cl 11.9 mm (USNM 23176). — Rangoon, II.1866, coll. W. Theobald, 1 ♂ cl 11.9 mm (USNM 101996).

Borneo. Coll. T. R. R. Stebbing, 1 ♂ cl 9.2 mm (NHM 1928.12.1.212).

Sumatra. Ex.Leiden Museum, Atjeh, 1880, coll.Walraven, 1 ♂ cl 14.6 mm, 2 ovig. ♀♀ cl 11.7, 12.2 mm (MNHN B.17013).

Australia. Sorrento Beach, I.1952, coll. W.H. Butler, id. M. Tyndale-Biscoe, 1 ♂ cl 15.0 mm (WAM C6762). — Near Sorrento Beach, I.1951, coll. W. H. Butler, id. M. Tyndale-Biscoe, 2 ♂♂ cl 13.9, 14.9 mm, 2 ovig. ♀♀ cl 14.0, 15.0 mm (WAM C6763/66).

DISTRIBUTION. — East Africa, from Red Sea to Mozambique, Madagascar, Persian Gulf, Pakistan, India, Mergui Archipelago, Malay Archipelago, Burma, Thailand, Borneo, Sumatra, Australia.

DESCRIPTION

Dorsal surface of carapace bearing closely-spaced perliform granules on branchial, cardial and intestinal regions, along branchio-cardiac grooves, and medially on gastric region. Branchio-cardiac grooves shallow. Lateral frontal lobes rounded, minutely granulate. Anterior margin of epistome medially notched, subhepatic margin prominently crenulate; subhepatic facet granulate.Tumescent outer orbital angle followed by perliform granules and obsoletely granulate protuberance.Anterolateral granules on margin of carapace larger than granules on posterolateral and posterior margins. Epimeral surface smooth; epimeral margin minutely beaded,granules increasing in size on posterior margin. Endognath of external maxillipeds indistinctly punctate laterally,exognath reniform, punctate.Pterygostomian region prominently granulate.Fourth thoracic sternite in male with a granulate region anterolaterally,anterior margins of thoracic sternites granulate;anterior margin of abdominal sulcus granulate.Fused male abdominal segments 3-6 basally granulate. First and second abdominal segments in female laterally granulate, fused abdominal segments granulate basio-laterally. Cheliped merus 1.3 as long as carapace in male, 0.8as long in female; its dorsal surface with parallel rows of perliform granules, decreasing in size distally;anterior and posterior surfaces with rows of perliform granules, diminishing in size posteriorly. Carpus with row of minute granules on inner margin; patch of minute granules distally on upper margin. Upper and lower surfaces of propodus minutely granulate, granulation extending to fingers; inner margins of dactyl, pollex serrulate, serrulation more prominent distally. Pereiopodal meri bear single minutely granulate line ventrally; propodi dorsally and ventrally carinate.Male first pleopod with apical process filiform, needle-like, nearly as long as shaft.

Colour

“The upper surface of the carapace and the anterior legs are of a more or less dark cinerous gray, the hands being marbled with a lighter rose-colour; the under surface of the carapace, like the ambulatory legs, except the white tarsi, are of a pale rose colour. The granules are all white.” (de Man 1881: 128). “The body is dull brown to grey with greenish mottling on the lateral areas; ovig. females were mottled green all over […] The appendages were banded with green.” (Tirmizi & Kazmi 1988: 108).

REMARKS

Leach (1817: 22) recognized that Cancer cancellus Herbst, 1783, is identical with Leucosia scabriuscula Fabricius, 1798 .