KEY TO SPECIES OF PHILYRA LEACH, 1817, AND GENERA AND SPECIES FORMERLY INCLUDED THEREIN

1. Two proximalmost abdominal segments of male articulate ......................................... 2

— Only first abdominal segment of male articulate ......................................................... 7

2. Third-5th abdominal segments of male fused, 6th segment articulate; first male pleopod distally crook-shaped ......................................................... Afrophila punctata n. comb.

— Third-6th abdominal segments of male fused; first male pleopod otherwise ................ 3

3. Two proximalmost abdominal segments of male alike; shaft of first male pleopod plain, uncoiled ..................................................................................................................... 4

— First abdominal segment of male transversely narrow, second segment spindle-shaped; shaft of first male pleopod coiled twice on itself, apical process digitate ......................... ................................................................................. Atlantolocia laevidorsalis n. comb.

4. Carapace pear-shaped, globose; epistome and lower margin of hepatic facet not projecting; external maxiliped exopod subquadrate; two proximalmost abdominal segments of male transversely narrow; apical process of first male pleopod subterminally alate ... Philyra 5

— Carapace discoidal; epistome and lower margin of hepatic facet projecting in advance of front; external maxiliped exopod reniform; two proximalmost abdominal segments of male laterally swollen; apical process of first male pleopod slim, tubular ...... Ryphila n. gen. 6

5. Carapace and chelipeds finely granulate; lower margin of first pereiopodal propodus in male bicarinate; lateral and distal margins of alate process of first male pleopod cirrate ........................................................................................................................ P. globus

— Carapace and chelipeds prominently granulate; lower margin of first pereiopodal propodus in male unicarinate; lateral margin of alate process of first male pleopod cirrate ............ ............................................................................................................... P. samia n. sp.

6. Dorsal surface of carapace anteriorly not granulate; cheliped merus 1.3 as long as carapace in male; apical process of fiest male pleopod filiform .................... R. cancellus n. comb.

— Dorsal surface of carapace entirely granulate; cheliped merus 0.8 as long as carapace in male; apical process of first male pleopod slender tubule ............. R. verrucosa n. comb.

7. First abdominal segment of male transversely narrow; shaft of first male pleopod coiled thrice on itself, apical process digitate enveloped in setose muff ..................................... ........................................................................................ Atlantophila cristata n. comb.

— First abdominal segment of male transversely yoke-shaped; first male pleopod plain, uncoiled ..................................................................................................................... 8

8. Second-6th abdominal segments of male bearing abdominal denticle ... Lyphira n. gen. 9

— Second-6th abdominal segments of male lacking abdominal denticle ....................... 12

9. Apical process of male first pleopod digitate, tubular ................................................ 10

— Apical process of male first pleopold flattened, squat ................................................ 11

10. Outer maxiliped exopod expanded, ovate; inner angles of afferent branchial canals produced; prominent carapacial granulation ................................................... Lyphira ovata n. sp.

— Outer maxiliped exopod narrow lozenge; inner angles of afferent branchial canals not produced; carapace bearing minute granulation dorsally ... Lyphira heterograna n. comb.

11. Cheliped merus longer than carapace in male ........................... Lyphira natalensis n. sp.

— Cheliped merus shorter than carapace in male ............................ Lyphira perplexa n. sp.

12. Apical process of first male pleopod tubular; cheliped merus shorter than carapace in male; lacking thick fringe of setae on pollex ............................................... Pyrhila n. gen. 13

— Apical process of first male pleopod minute; cheliped merus longer than carapace in male; thick fringe of setae on inner margin of pollex .................................. Hiplyra n. gen. 15

13. Male carapacial posterior margin bearing dorsoventrally flattened denticles laterally ...... ......................................................................................... Pyrhila biprotubera n. comb.

— Male carapacial posterior margin lacking dorsoventrally flattened denticles laterally ... 14

14. Dorsal surface of carapace bearing line of prominent granules medially; outer maxilliped exopod bearing line of prominent granules vertically; apical process of male first pleopold spatulate ................................................................................ Pyrhila carinata n. comb.

— Dorsal surface of carapace bearing aggregates of granules medially; outer maxilliped exopod distally granulate; apical process of male first pleopold filiform, bent distad ...... ................................................................................................. Pyrhila pisum n. comb.

15. Distal margins of fused male abdominal segments 2-6 carinate .... Hiplyra sagitta n. sp.

— Distal margins of fused male abdominal segments 2-6 not carinate .......................... 16

16. Distal margin of fused abdominal segment in male bearing perpendicular rounded lobe .............................................................................................. Hiplyra michellinae n. sp.

— Distal margin of fused male abdominal segments plain ............................................ 17

17. Hepatic margin punctuate, pollex bearing triangular blade distally ................................ ........................................................................................... Hiplyra platycheir n. comb.

— Hepatic margin granulate, pollex bearing 2 triangular denticles distally .................... 18

18. Male telson proximally swollen, slightly concave medially ...... Hiplyra elegans n. comb.

— Male telson plain ...................................................................................................... 19

19. Hepatic region distinctly tumescent; branchio-cardiac grooves shallow; epimeral surface smooth ................................................................................ Hiplyra variegata n. comb.

— Hepatic region slightly tumescent; branchio-cardiac grooves deeply-cut; epimeral surface minutely granulate ............................................................ Hiplyra longimana n. comb.