Carasobarbus kosswigi (Ladiges, 1960) [N]—Kosswig’s barb; Bonni

Taxonomy. Original description: Cyclocheilichthys kosswigi Ladiges, 1960: 135, fig. 7 [Batman suyu (Batman Çayi), Turkey; holotype: ZMH H 1148].—Syrian synonyms: Barbus kosswigi (Ladiges, 1960); Kosswigobarbus kosswigi (Ladiges, 1960) .—Revisions: Borkenhagen et al. (2011: 328); Borkenhagen & Krupp (2013: 32).— Illustration: Borkenhagen & Krupp (2013: 33, figs. 21-22).

Status in Syria. First record from Syria by Krupp & Schneider (1991b) as Barbus kosswigi .—Syrian material: None.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Syria: Tigris-Euphrates system.—Distribution in River Basin: 1-Dajleh & Khabour, 2-Euphrates & Aleppo.—General distribution: Asia Minor and Middle East: Tigris-Euphrates system (Iraq, Syria, Turkey, and Iran).—Distribution in Ecoregion: 441-Lower Tigris & Euphrates, 442- Upper Tigris & Euphrates.—Habitat: This species inhabits lowland rivers, backwaters, lakes, reservoirs, springs, and ponds, rarely in fast-flowing waters. It seems to inhabit summer-warm mountain river stretches with fast-flowing water and gravel bottoms. Freshwater.

Economic importance. Locally consumed, but of no commercial importance.

Conservation. Conservation status in Syria: Unknown.—IUCN: VU (IUCN 2023).—Threats: ABS, CLI, CON, EUT, HAB.—Moderate sensitivity to human activities.—Not considered as a keystone species.—Decline status: Decreasing.—Moderate priority for conservation action.