Sepsis duplicata Haliday, 1838

Material: Switzerland: AG:Habsburg, 450 m, 9.viii.2004 (leg. Wermelinger); Sarmenstorf, 550 m, 5.vii.2004, 9.viii.2004, 23.viii.2004 (all leg. Wermelinger); Schlossrued, 600 m, 2001, 2005 (all leg. Duelli); Würenlingen/alter Steinbruch, 420 m, 15.viii.1991. BE:Guttannen, 1000 m, 6.viii.1999; Ligerz, 450 m, 29.v.2010; Rümligen, 540 m, 2000, 2001, 2005 (all leg. Duelli); Ruppoldsried, 500 m, iv.– x.1987 (leg. Duelli). BL:Bubendorf, 6.–13.vi.2000, 22.–29.vi.2000, 13.–20.vii. 2000, 20.–27.vii.2000, 27.vii.–3.viii.2000, 3.–10.viii.2000, 24.–31.viii.2000 (all leg. Wolf). FR:Courlevon, 600 m, 2000, 2004 (all leg. Duelli); Nuvilly, 650 m, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2005 (all leg. Duelli). GE:Bernex/Chante-Merle, 420 m, 7.viii.2000 (leg. Merz &Bächli); Chancy, 350 m, 25.vii.2004. GL:Schwändital, 600 m, 2004 (leg. Duelli); Vorauen, 800 m, 20.vii.1995). GR:Celerina, 1890 m, 2004 (leg. Duelli); Dischmatal, 1600 m, 16.–30.vi.1990, 16.–30.vi.1992, 1.– 15.vii.1991, 1.–15.vii.1992, 1.–16.viii.1990, 1.–20.viii.1991, 1.–27.viii.1992 (all leg. Brodmann); Ftan/Clünas, 2000 m, 5.viii.1996 (leg. Merz &Bächli); Lantsch, 1460 m, 2005 (leg. Duelli); Lenzerheide, 1520 m, 8.viii.1998, 11.–14.viii.1988; Rothenbrunnen, 630 m, 8.viii.1996 (leg. Merz &Bächli); Sur/Avadala Cuorts, 1835 m, 2.vi.2000 (leg. Reser). JU:La Chaux-des-Breuleux, 1000 m, 28.vi.2003. LU: Dierikon, 550 m, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2005 (all leg. Duelli); Luzern, 550 m, 24.vi.–5.viii.2006 (leg. Sattler); Ruswil, 800 m, 2000, 2001, 2004, 2005 (all leg. Duelli). SH:Merishausen, 540 m, 9.viii.1998, 19.viii.1992. SO:Balmberg, 1050 m, 18.viii. 1992; Mariastein, 350 m, 21.–23.vii.1973; Messen, 500 m, 14.vi.2004, 5.vii.2004, 2.viii.2004, 16.viii.2004, 23.viii.2004 (all leg. Wermeliger). SZ:Alptal, 1150 m, 2000 (leg. Duelli); Biberbrugg, 1000 m, 25.vi.2011; Holzegg, 1440 m, 19.– 21.viii. 1975; TG:Roggwil, 420 m, 2000, 2003, 2004 (leg. Duelli). TI:Acquacalda, 1800 m, 22.–24.vi.2001; Bolle di Magadino, 200 m, 2001 (leg. Duelli). UR:Furkapass, 2400 m, 24.vii.2012. VD:Changins, 430 m, 2001, 2005 (all leg. Duelli); Cudrefin, 430 m, 2004 (leg. Duelli); La Dôle, 1500 m, 26.vii.2004; Senarclens, 600 m, 2000, 2005 (all leg. Duelli). VS:Baltschieder, 650 m, 24.vi.2000; Bürchen, 1600 m, 2.vii.2001; Guttet, 1500 m, 27.vii.–6.viii.1993; Jeizinen, 1500 m, 3.vii.2001, 10.viii. 2013; Mörel, 1090 m, 26.v.2010 (leg. Obrist); Morgins/Portes de Culet, 1800 m, 28.vii.2004; Morgins/Portes du Soleil, 1800 m, 27.vii.2004; Visperterminen, 1400 m, 31.vii.1998. ZG:Steinhausen, 500 m, 2000, 2001, 2004, 2005, 2006 (all leg. Duelli). ZH:Rafz, 420 m, 2001, 2004 (leg. Duelli); Uitikon, 540 m, 2001, 2005 (leg. Duelli);

Liechtenstein:Ruggell, 430 m, 8.viii.1998. Turkey:Zonguldak, 200 m, 23.vii. 1962 (leg. Götz).

Distribution:Palaearctic (Ozerov 2005).

Comments:Apparently the first records from Liechtenstein and Turkey. S. duplicata is asmall species commonly found on cow pastures where it seems to prefer older cow pats that have already developed adry crust (Püchel 1993). Males lack strong modifications on the foreleg, but instead exhibit long hairs on the mid and hind femora. Comparative studies revealed that the loss of fore femur morphology coincides with the evolution of anovel mating behaviour which does not involve the use of the male foreleg holding onto the female (Puniamoorthy et al. 2008).