Gadus macrocephalus Tilesius, 1810 .

Gray Cod, Pacific Cod, or True Cod. To 120 cm (47.2 in) TL (Morrow 1980). Arctic-boreal waters of Pacific and Atlantic Oceans (Atlantic range now includes Gadus ogac Richardson, 1837) (Mecklenburg et al. 2011). Chukchi and Beaufort Seas (across Canada to west Greenland to Gulf of Saint Lawrence) (Mecklenburg et al. 2011); Yellow Sea off Manchuria, China to Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands, and Gulf of Alaska (Mecklenburg et al. 2002) to Carlsbad (33°08’N, 117°35’W), southern California (Personal communication: Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Fish Collection, Los Angeles, California). Perhaps also in White Sea (Mecklenburg and Steinke 2015). Benthic, also pelagic over deep water; marine and brackish waters (Dyldin and Orlov 2017); depth: intertidal (Miller et al. 1980), near surface to 1,280 m (4,198 ft) (Orlov and Tokranov 2019). We consider Gadus ogac Richardson, 1836 to be a synonym (Mecklenburg et al. 2018), but considered a separate species in Fricke et al. (2020).