Cryptocarenus Eggers, 1937: 79

(Fig. 33)

Synonymy

= Cryptocarenus Eggers, 1933a: 10 (unavailable name). = Tachyderes Blackman, 1943: 35 .

Type of genus

Cryptocarenus diadematus Eggers, 1937 .

Diagnosis

Cryptocarenus can be diagnosed from other Scolytinae by the combination of a broadly emarginated eye, metatibiae with spines only on the distal end (as in Hypothenemus), and an oblique groove instead of a spine or callus below the base of the elytra, and by the dwarfed, flightless males.

Female

Eye long and broadly emarginated. Antennae with five funicle segments. Antennal club flattened, rounded, with three sutures, the first segment sometimes completely septate. Pronotum with 6−14 marginal asperities, and many more on the pronotal declivity. Lateral margins of pronotum with a clearly visible carina. Elytra broadly convex, slightly bisulcate on the declivity. Vestiture sparse in most species, typically with spatulate interstrial bristles and barely visible strial setae. Metatibia with denticles only on the apex. Proventriculus with many lateral spines on apical plate, and backward pointing spines posterior to the proventriculus.

Male

Similar to female, but often much smaller, with reduced eyes, and flightless. Aedeagus not examined.

Distribution

Eastern North America, tropical areas of North and South America, Africa (introduced).

Remarks

16 species known. This genus is transferred from Cryphalini based on molecular data (Gohli et al. 2017, Johnson et al. 2018, Pistone et al. 2018), as well as characters such as an oblique groove instead of a spine or callus below the base of the elytra.

Phylogenetically, it appears to be nested within Araptus and/or sister to Dacnophthorus . Very few members of Araptus were included in the analyses, so it would be inappropriate to make any further changes before a more thorough review of this genus and related genera.

Type material examined

Holotype of Cryptocarenus amazonicus Wood, 2007 (USNM) ; holotype of Cryptocarenus barinensis Wood, 2007 (USNM) ; paratype of Cryptocarenus brevicollis Eggers, 1937 (USNM) ; holotype of Cryptocarenus coronatus Wood, 1971 (USNM) ; holotype of Cryptocarenus frontalis Wood, 2007 (USNM) ; holotype of Cryptocarenus lepidus Wood, 1971 (USNM) ; holotype of Cryptocarenus pubescens Wood, 1986 (USNM) ; holotype of Cryptocarenus spatulatus Wood, 1986 (USNM) ; holotype of Cryptocarenus tropicalis Wood, 2007 (USNM) .

Included species

Cryptocarenus amazonicus Wood, 2007: 492 . Cryptocarenus barinensis Wood, 2007: 496 . Cryptocarenus beaveri Wood, 2007: 495 . Cryptocarenus brevicollis Eggers, 1937: 81 . = Cryptocarenus coronatus Wood, 1971: 36 .

Cryptocarenus diadematus Eggers, 1937: 80 .

Cryptocarenus frontalis Wood, 2007: 495 .

Cryptocarenus harringtoni (Blackman, 1943: 38) (Tachyderes) . Cryptocarenus heveae (Hagedorn, 1912a: 338) (Stephanoderes) .

= Stephanoderes caraibicus Eggers, 1937: 82 (syn: Wood, 1975b).

= Stephanoderes punctifrons Schedl, 1939a: 410 (syn: del Río, Lanteri and Suárez, 2005).

= Tachyderes parvus Blackman, 1943: 36 (syn: Wood, 1962).

= Miocryphalus brasiliensis Schedl, 1951e: 96 (syn: Wood, 2007).

= Stephanoderes porosus Wood, 1954: 1014 (syn: Wood, 1957b).

= Stephanoderes acaciae Schedl, 1958c: 45 (syn: Wood, 2007). Cryptocarenus laevigatus (Blandford, 1904: 230) (Hypothenemus) . Cryptocarenus lepidus Wood, 1971: 36 . Cryptocarenus pilosus Eggers, 1937: 81 . Cryptocarenus pubescens Wood, 1986b: 271 . Cryptocarenus pygmaeus Schedl, 1965c: 370 . Cryptocarenus seriatus Eggers, 1933a: 10 .

= Cryptocarenus adustus Eggers, 1933a: 11 (syn: Wood, 1972a).

= Tachyderes floridensis Blackman, 1943: 36 (syn: Schedl, 1962d).

= Cryptocarenus bolivianus Eggers, 1943a: 356 (syn: Wood, 1975a). Cryptocarenus spatulatus Wood, 1986b: 272 . Cryptocarenus tropicalis Wood, 2007: 491 .