Subfamily * Spondyliaspidinae Schwarz, 1898

Livillinae Scott, 1882: 462, unavailable, stem genus not included.

Comments

The Spondyliaspidinae is strongly supported as a monophylum in both mtg trees, morphologically (Burckhardt 1991a) and by the pattern of sperm formation (Labina et al. 2014). The concept of the subfamily is the same as that by Burckhardt & Ouvrard (2012). In the mtg analyses there is a wellsupported basal split between Ctenarytaina Ferris & Klyver, 1932 and the remainder of the subfamily ( Anoeconeossa Taylor, 1987, Australopsylla Tuthill & Taylor, 1955, Blastopsylla Taylor, 1985, Boreioglycaspis Moore, 1964, Cardiaspina Crawford, 1911, Creiis Scott, 1882, Cryptoneossa Taylor, 1990, Glycaspis Taylor, 1960, Lasiopsylla Froggatt, 1900 and Platyobria Taylor, 1987).