Dibolia chelones Parry

(Figs. 91–92, 160)

Reared specimen. PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND: Kings Co., 46.323207, -62.392801, J. Klymko, 8.vii.2021, em. a few weeks later, ex Chelone glabra (1 adult, iNat 86702908) .

Photographed mines. NORTH CAROLINA: Yancey Co., 35.79316, -82.17525, 26.viii.2021, J. Petranka, Chelone lyonii [larva] (iNat 92728466); VERMONT: Caledonia Co., Groton, 44.244705, -72.249858, 27.viii.2023, E. Mitchell, Chelone glabra [larvae] (iNat 182124368); Washington Co., East Montpelier, 44.325924, -72.498027, 30.vi.2021, E. Mitchell, Chelone glabra [larvae] (iNat 93346948); 44.301116, -72.51163, 5.viii.2022, E. Mitchell, Chelone glabra [larvae] (iNat 129656942); Windham Co., Wilmington, 42.871867, -72.816454, 17.vii.2021, C.S. Eiseman, Chelone glabra [vacated] (iNat 87551244).

Hosts. Plantaginaceae: Chelone glabra L. (Eiseman 2015), C. *lyonii Pursh.

Biology. As described by Eiseman (2015), the oval eggs, 0.7–0.8 mm by 0.3–0.4 mm, are embedded singly in the upper leaf surface. Larvae produce broad, contorted linear mines, bounded by the midrib except at the tip of the leaf. Young larvae are pale, appearing greenish when viewed through the leaf, and each produces a continuous string of fine, squiggly frass (Fig. 91). As many as ten larvae may feed in a single leaf. Older larvae are bright yellow-orange, and their frass tends to be concentrated in a frizzy central line (Fig. 92). Adults emerge 16–21 days after larvae burrow into soil to pupate.

Parasitoid. Eiseman (2015) reared an adult of Pnigalio flavipes (Ashmead) ( Eulophidae) from a mine of this species.

Notes. Prince Edward Island and Vermont are new provincial and state records for this species.