Subfamily BRADYBAENINAE Pilsbry, 1934

REMARKS

Camaenidae and Bradybaenidae Pilsbry, 1934 are traditionally distinguished on the basis of the absence of the dart sac and mucous glands in the former and their presence in latter. The molecular phylogeny of Wade et al. (2006, 2007) showed that the dart sac was lost multiple times during the evolution of the Camaenidae . Camaenidae and Bradybaenidae form a single clade, but neither of them is monophyletic. Therefore Gittenberger et al. (2012) formally treated the Bradybaenidae as a junior synonym of Camaenidae . Bouchet et al. (2017) retained the subfamily Bradybaeninae Pilsbry, 1934 under Camaenidae . This system is followed here.