108.

Brown Pipistrelle

Hypsugo imbricatus

French: Vespere imbriquée / German: Braune Zwergfledermaus / Spanish: Hypsugo marrén

Taxonomy. Vespertilio imbricatus Horsfield, 1824,

Java, Indonesia.

Hypsugo wmbricatus has been considered conspecific with H. macrotis, but they are generally recognized as distinct species, based on morphological data; the relationship of this species to other congeners is still unclear. Specimens attributed to this species from the Philippines actually represent Pipistrellus javanicus . Monotypic.

Distribution. NC Borneo, Java, Kangean, Bali, and Lombok Is, and S Sulawesi.

Descriptive notes. Head—body 4144-9 mm, tail 35-8-41 mm, ear 13-5-14-9 mm, hindfoot 5-8-6-4 mm, forearm 31-9-37-3 mm; weight 4.4-5-3 g. The Brown Pipistrelle is a small bat. Dorsal pelage is rich medium brown (hairs with dark brown base); ventral pelage is paler. Ears are moderately large and triangular; tragus is broad and curved forward. Skull is slightly broadened; braincase is rounded and elevated posteriorly; rostrum is short; frontal depression is slight; zygomatic arches are well developed, with distinct postorbital process; inJavan specimens, basioccipital region is damaged, with deep basioccipital pits. C' is unicuspid; P? is small and completely intruded; I? has large posterior cusp and third small cusp on cingulum; lower incisorsare slightly imbricated with I, only slightly larger than the others; P, is small and slightly over one-half the area and two-thirds the height of P,.

Habitat. Reported from watercourses surrounded by plantations and bamboo, and amongst banana trees in village gardens. Recorded from sea level to elevations of 400 m on Lombok.

Food and Feeding. No information.

Breeding. No information.

Activity patterns. On Lombok, three individuals were captured by hand in banana leaves, suggesting they roost in small groups in banana leaves.

Movements, Home range and Social organization. Brown Pipistrelles may roost in small groups.

Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List (as Pipistrellus imbricatus). Virtually nothing is known regarding ecology and potential threats of the Brown Pipistrelle. Further studies are needed.

Bibliography. Francis & Hill (1986), Hutson & Suyanto (2008), Kitchener, Boeadi et al. (1990), Medway (1977), Payne et al. (1985), Phillipps & Phillipps (2016).