Caulophryne Goode & Bean, 1896

Diagnosis. Metamorphosed females of Caulophryne can be distinguished from those of Robia, the only other genus of the family (known from a single, 41 mm SL female collected in the western Central Pacific), by having a considerably shorter illicium (less than 130 mm vs. about 270 mm) and by the number and size of dorsal- and anal-fin rays (14–22 dorsal-fin rays, the longest ray> 70% SL vs. 6 dorsal-fin rays, the longest ray <65% SL; 12–19 anal-fin rays, the longest ray> 60% SL vs. 5 anal-fin rays, the longest ray <40% SL) (Pietsch, 2009).