Andrallus spinidens (Fabricius, 1787)

Cimex spinidens Fabricius, 1787: 285; Asopus geometricus Burmeister, 1835: 380; Pentatoma aliena Westwood, 1837: 40; Acanthidium cinctum Montrouzier, 1858: 252; Audin etia aculeata Ellenrieder, 1862: 137; Apateticus ludovicianus Stoner, 1917: 462 .

Distribution in Iran. Guilan (Linnavuori 2008; Ghahari et al. 2011a), Hormozgan (Hoberlandt 1997), Khorasan (Modarres Awal 1996a, 1997b, 2008), Khuzestan (Hoberlandt 1955, 1997; Safavi 1959; Modarres Awal 1997b; Linnavuori 2012), Mazandaran (Modarres Awal 1997b; Sakenin et al. 2008; Ghahari et al. 2008a, b, 2009, 2011a), Semnan (Kalaii et al. 2013), Northern Iran (no locality cited) (Mohaghegh 2006), Iran (no locality cited) (Safavi 1976; Rider 2006; Mohaghegh 2008).

General distribution. Italy, Greece, Central Asia (incl. Caucasus), Egypt (Sinai), Japan, Australia, Tropical Asia, tropical Africa, New World (North, Central and South America).

Comments. In mountain forests with Fagus sp. ( Fagaceae), Fraxinus sp. ( Oleaceae) (Linnavuori 2008), on Abutilon theophrasti ( Malvaceae), Oryza sativa ( Poaceae) (Sakenin et al. 2008), in rice fields on Absena velvetleaf ( Malvaceae), Ricinus communis ( Euphorbiaceae), Ziziphus spina-christi ( Rhamnaceae) (Ghahari et al. 2008a), in cotton fields on Alcea hyrcana, and Malva montana (both Malvaceae) (Ghahari et al. 2011a).

Andrallus spinidens is a powerful predator of Chilo suppressalis Walkr ( Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (Modarres Awal 1997b; Ghahari et al. 2009), Naranga aenescens Moore ( Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the rice fields of northern Iran (Ghahari et al. 2009), and Melanitis leda (Linnaeus) ( Lepidoptera: Satyridae); it can suck dead caterpillars (Péricart 2010).