Archineura

The genus includes just three species, two from southern China and one from northern Vietnam, Archineura maxima (Martin), which is likely already extinct (Hämäläinen 2015). The larva of A. incarnata (Karsch) has been described in detail (Yang et al. 2022) and by virtue of its size and uniquely elongate, tuberculate caudal lamellae (Fig. 42) cannot be mistaken with any other genus. According to Yang et al. (2022), “they are typical claspers and are found on the under surface large stones and boulders in the middle of streams, but not at the stream edge where most other larvae of the family are found...” and, “If a rock provides a suitable microhabitat and is sufficiently large, 2– 3 larvae can be found together.”, these notes being based on both presumed larvae of A. hetaerinoides (Fraser) from Guangxi and A. incarnata from Guangdong. The presumed A. hetaerinoides larva is very similar to A. incarnata (H-M Zhang pers comm.).