Key to species of Rhodomantis
1. Wings reduced to tiny flaps (Figs. 21–22)........................................................ R. microptera
- Wings reaching at least caudal margin of first abdominal tergite................................................ 2
2. Wings reaching only caudal margin of first abdominal tergite (Figs. 18–20)................................. R. rentzi
- Wings reaching well beyond caudal margin of first abdominal tergite (Figs. 1–16).................................. 3
3. Hindwing of male with blackish spot toward apex of discoidal area (Fig. 15), female with caudal margin of sixth abdominal sternite extended (Fig. 46)....................................................................... R. macula
- Hind-wing of male without blackish spot toward apex of discoidal area, female with caudal margin of sixth abdominal sternite normal.............................................................................................. 4
4. (Males only). Dpr of vph produced into single spine.......................................................... 5
- Dpr of vph not as above................................................................................ 6
5. Pa compact and blunt (Fig. 23)................................................................. R. pulchella
- Pa elongate and spiniform (Fig. 29)............................................................... R. mitchell
6. Dpr of vph truncate, with two stout teeth (Figs. 31–34)....................................................... 7
- Dpr of vph not as above................................................................................ 8
7. Pa elongate and hooklike, medial lobe of vph rounded (Fig. 33)....................................... R. kimberley
- Pa reduced, medial lobe of vph pointed (Fig. 31)..................................................... R. napier
8. Dpr of vph narrowed before tip and with more or less well developed anterior and posterior projections (Figs. 25–26)............................................................................................. R. queenslandica
- Dpr of vph not narrowed before tip, with slight posterior projection and serrate anterio-lateral margin (Figs. 27–28).................................................................................................... R. helenae