Amynthas gracilis (Kinberg, 1867)

Nitocris gracilis Kinberg, 1867: 102; Beddard 1895a: 402, as " species inquirenda "; Michaelsen 1900: 419, as " dubious species ".

Amynthas gracilis— Sims & Easton 1972: 235; Easton 1981: 50; Easton, 1982: 728; Shen & Yeo 2005: 21; Blakemore 2007a: 42; Blakemore 2008b.

Pheretima gracilis— Nakamura 1999: 38.

Perichaeta hawayana Rosa, 1891: 396, Figs 7, 9.

Pheretima hawayana— Michaelsen 1900: 271; Gates 1972: 189, 217; Thai 1983: 125; Do 1994: 81; Le 1995a: 63; Nakamura 1999: 38; Thai 2000a: 309; Huynh & Nguyen 2004a: 115; Huynh 2005a: 113; Huynh et al. 2005: 180; Tran & Ngo 2008: 133; Tran & Tran 2010: 8.

Perichaeta bermudensis Beddard, 1892a: 160, synonymized with Pheretima hawayana by Michaelsen (1900).

Perichaeta mandhorensis Michaelsen, 1892: 241, Figs 18–19, synonymized with Pheretima hawayana by Gates (1972).

Type locality. Brazil (Rio de Janeiro).

Type material. Leiden Museum, Neitherland.

Records from Vietnam. Lao Cai (Pho Lu; Sa Pa; Pho Rang); Son La (Moc Chau); Hoa Binh (Hoa Binh; Mai Chau); Yen Bai (Yen Bai; Luc Yen; Yen Binh); Ha Giang (Quan Ba; Dong Van); Lang Son (Binh Gia; Bac Son; Dong Dang; Van Lang); Cao Bang (Thach An; Cao Bang; Ha Lang); Phu Tho (Doan Hung; Thanh Son); Vinh Phuc (Phong Chau; Tam Dao); Bac Can (Bac Can); Thai Nguyen (Phu Binh); Bac Giang (Luc Ngan; Tan Yen; Yen The; Khe Ro NR); Quang Ninh (Mong Cai); Hai Phong (Cat Ba Isl.; San Ho Isl.) ; Hanoi (Ba Vi NP); Thanh Hoa (Ngoc Lac); Nghe An (Ky Son; Que Phong; Quy Chau); Gia Lai (Pleiku); Dak Lak (Ban Me Thuot); Lam Dong (Da Lat; Don Duong) (Do 1994; Le 1995a; Huynh & Nguyen 2004a; Huynh 2005a; Tran & Ngo 2008; Tran & Tran 2010).

Distribution. Cosmopolitan species, widely known in temperate and tropical regions. Sometimes, recorded with high density in garden in Brazil and Hawaii (Gates 1972; Blakemore 2002, 2007a). Remarks. All reports of this species from Vietnam are under the name of its junior Perichaeta hawayana (= Pheretima hawayana).