24. Rhynchium brunneum brunneum (Fabricius, 1793)

Vespa brunnea Fabricius, 1793, Entomol. Syst., 2: 264, Syntype, sex not mentioned, “ Tranquebariae, India (UZMC)”. Rhynchium brunneum Spinola, 1808: 189 .

Rhynchium brunneum brunneum Gusenleitner, 2006: 692 .

Distribution: Bhutan: Zhemgang, Chhukha, Trashigang (Nidup et al. 2018). Elsewhere: Afghanistan; Bangladesh; Cambodia; China; India; Indonesia; Iran; Iraq; Laos; Malaysia; Marquesas Island; Myanmar; Nepal; New Britain; Pakistan; Palau; Seychelles; Thailand; Vietnam (Gawas et al. 2020; Nidup et al. 2018; Pham & Kumar 2016).